Application of tile and floor tile adhesives

Tile adhesives have a wide range of applications and can be used on ceramic tiles, stoneware tiles, as well as plastered surfaces. They are particularly important in areas that are subject to prolonged immersion or relatively high humidity. Depending on the type of tile, different materials and specifications of tile adhesives are required, each with its own specific demands. 
Thin-layer application method

In the thin-bed method, after the base adhesive is applied in a striped pattern, its thickness is only 3 to 5 mm. Before construction begins, sample tiles and adhesive conforming to the design specifications should be used to create a test patch. The bond strength of the tiles must meet the requirements specified in the current industry standard "Standard for Testing Bond Strength of Facing Tiles in Building Engineering," JGJ/T 110. The tile adhesive used in the thin-bed method has a thickness of only 3 mm yet still boasts exceptionally high strength. First, pour clean water into a bucket, then add the tile adhesive according to the scientifically determined mixing ratio. Next, use an electric mixer to thoroughly blend the mixture until it becomes a smooth paste free of any granules or sediment. Allow the mixture to stand for 5 to 10 minutes before use. When applying the tile adhesive, use a notched trowel of appropriate size to spread the adhesive evenly into uniform lines.

Select by tile material

Ceramic tiles have a moderately high density, and standard tile adhesives can generally meet their bonding requirements. Porcelain tiles typically refer to tiles with an water absorption rate below 0.5%. They have a dense texture and thus require specialized tile adhesives that offer strong bonding strength, excellent water retention, and superior anti-slip performance. Mosaic tiles are small in size and involve intricate patterns, so the tile adhesive must possess good flexibility and outstanding anti-slip properties. Large-format tiles or slab tiles need to comply with C1/C2 standards and feature flexibility (S1/S2) as well as a long open time (E, usually ≥30 minutes) to accommodate their large dimensions and heavy weight.

Select by use case

Indoor wall surfaces are relatively stable, so it’s important to pay attention to the bonding strength of tile adhesives as well as their ease of application. Indoor floor surfaces must withstand daily foot traffic; therefore, tile adhesives should have sufficient compressive strength and wear resistance. Outdoor environments are complex and variable—tile adhesives need to endure exposure to sunlight, rain, and significant temperature fluctuations. Hence, it’s crucial to select products with excellent weather resistance and strong freeze-thaw durability. In areas such as kitchens and bathrooms, where water contact is frequent, the adhesive should maintain its bonding strength even under prolonged exposure to humid conditions.

When selecting products, you can refer to the product’s execution standards and performance rating labels. According to the industry standard JC/T 547-2017, tile adhesives are classified into two grades based on their bond strength: C1 (≥0.5 MPa) and C2 (≥1.0 MPa). The standard also defines additional performance characteristics such as anti-slip (T), extended open time (E), and flexibility (S1/S2). For heavy-load applications, such as large-format tiles, it is recommended to choose products labeled as C2TES1 to ensure adequate bond strength, construction tolerance, and ability to accommodate deformation.